ABDOMINAL AND DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Oesophageal / stomach / duodenum
Minor
Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) +/- biopsy and/or polypectomy
OGD with removal of foreign body
Percutaneous gastrostomy
Intermediate
OGD with ligation / banding of oesophageal/ gastric varices
Major
Excision of oesophageal lesion / destruction of lesion or tissue of oesophagus, cervical approach
Highly selective vagotomy
Laparoscopic fundoplication
Laparoscopic repair of hiatal hernia
Permanent gastrostomy / gastroenterostomy
Partial gastrectomy +/- jejunal transposition
Partial gastrectomy with anastomosis to duodenum / jejunum
Suture of laceration of duodenum / patch repair, duodenal ulcer
Vagotomy and / or pyloroplasty
Complex
Oesophagectomy
Total oesophagectomy and interposition of intestine
Partial gastrectomy with anastomosis to oesophagus
Proximal gastrectomy / radical gastrectomy / total gastrectomy +/- intestinal interposition
Jejunum, ileum and large intestine
Minor
Anal fissurectomy
Incision & drainage of perianal abscess
Colonoscopy +/- biopsy
Colonoscopy with polypectomy
Sigmoidoscopy
Injection / banding of haemorrhoid
Intermediate
Appendicectomy, open or laparoscopic
Anal fistulotomy / fistulectomy
Haemorrhoidectomy, internal or external
Reduction of volvulus or intussusception
Major
Delorme operation for repair of prolapsed rectum
Ileostomy or colostomy
Resection of small intestine and anastomosis
Complex
Anterior resection of rectum, open or laparoscopic
Abdominoperineal resection, open or laparoscopic
Colectomy, open or laparoscopic
Low anterior resection of rectum , open or laparoscopic
Biliary tract
Intermediate
Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP)
ERCP with papilla operation, stone extraction or other associated operation
Major
Cholecystectomy, open or laparoscopic
Liver
Minor
Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of liver
Major
Marsupialization of lesion / cyst of liver or drainage of liver abscess,
Removal of liver lesion, open or laparoscopic
Sub-segmentectomy of liver, open or laparoscopic
Wedge resection of liver, open or laparoscopic
Complex
Segmentectomy of liver, open or laparoscopic
Complex (Major Organ Transplant)
Liver transplantation
Pancreas
Intermediate
Closed biopsy of pancreatic duct
Major
Excision / destruction of lesion of pancreas or pancreatic duct
Complex
Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple's Operation)
Abdominal wall
Intermediate
Laparoscopy / peritoneoscopy
Unilateral repair of inguinal hernia, open or laparoscopic
Unilateral herniotomy / herniorrhaphy, open or laparoscopic
Major
Exploratory laparotomy
Bilateral repair of inguinal hernia, open or laparoscopic
Bilateral herniotomy / herniorrhaphy, open or laparoscopic
BRAIN AND NERVOUS SYSTEM
Brain
Minor
Irrigation of cerebroventricular shunt
Intermediate
Burr hole(s)
Maintenance removal of cerebroventricular shunt, including revision
Radiofrequency thermocoagulation of trigeminal ganglion
Major
Brain biopsy
Creation of ventriculoperitoneal shunt or subcutaneous cerebrospinal
Closed trigeminal rhizotomy using radiofrequency
Complex
Craniectomy
Cranial nerve decompression
Clipping of intracranial aneurysm
Wrapping of intracranial aneurysm
Excision of arteriovenous malformation, intracranial
Excision of acoustic neuroma
Excision of brain tumour or brain abscess
Excision of cranial nerve tumour
Decompression of trigeminal nerve root/ open trigeminal rhizotomy
Excision of brain, including lobectomy
Hemispherectomy
Spine
Minor
Lumbar puncture or cisternal puncture
Intermediate
Cervical sympathectomy
Major
Decompression of spinal cord or spinal nerve root
Thoracoscopic or lumbar sympathectomy
Complex
Excision of intraspinal tumour, extradural or intradural
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Heart
Minor
Pericardiocentesis
Intermediate
Cardiac catheterization
Insertion of cardiac pacemaker
Major
Pericardiotomy
procedures, including use of laser, stenting, motor-blade, balloon angioplasty, radiofrequency ablation technique, etc.
Pulmonary valvotomy, Balloon / Transluminal laser / Transluminal
Percutaneous valvuloplasty
Balloon aortic / mitral valvotomy
Complex
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
Closed heart valvotomy
Open heart valvuloplasty
Valve replacement
Complex (Major Organ Transplant)
Cardiac transplantation
Vessels
Complex
Intra-abdominal venous shunt/ spleno-renal shunt / portal-caval shunt
Resection of abdominal vessels with replacement / anastomosis
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Adrenal Gland
Major
Unilateral adrenalectomy, laparoscopic or retroperitoneoscopic
Complex
Bilateral adrenalectomy, laparoscopic or retroperitoneoscopic
Pineal gland
Complex
Total excision of pineal gland
Pituitary Gland
Complex
Operation of pituitary tumour
Thyroid Gland
Minor
Fine needle aspiration (FNA) of thyroid gland +/- imaging guidance
Intermediate
Excision of thyroglossal cyst
Major
Hemithyroidectomy / partial thyroidectomy / subtotal thyroidectomy / parathyroidectomy
Total thyroidectomy / complete parathyroidectomy / robotic-assisted total thyroidectomy
EAR/ NOSE / THROAT / RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Ear
Minor
Excision of preauricular cyst / sinus
Haematoma auris, drainage / buttoning / excision
Removal of foreign body
Myringotomy +/- insertion of tube
Intermediate
Meatoplasty
Repair of round window or oval window fistula
Vestibular neurectomy
Major
Canaloplasty for aural atresia / stenosis
Excision of middle ear tumour via tympanotomy
Myringoplasty / tympanoplasty
Ossiculoplasty
Labyrinthectomy, total / partial excision
Mastoidectomy
Operation on endolymphatic sac / decompression of endolymphatic sac
Tympanosympathectomy
Complex
Operation on cochlea and / or cochlear implant
Nose, mouth and pharynx
Minor
Antral puncture and lavage
Cauterization of nasal mucosa / control of epistaxis
Closed reduction for fracture nasal bone
Excision of lesion of nose
Nasopharyngoscopy / rhinoscopy +/- including rhinoscopic biopsy +/- removal of foreign body
Polypectomy of nose
Sinoscopy +/- biopsy
Adenoidectomy
Intermediate
Closure of oro-antral fistula
Dacryocystorhinostomy
Caldwell-Luc operation / Maxillary sinusectomy with Caldwell-Luc approach
Endoscopic sinus surgery on ethmoid / maxillary / frontal / sphenoid sinuses
Frontal sinusotomy or ethmoidectomy
Maxillary / sphenopalatine / ethmoid artery ligation
Other intranasal operation, including use of laser (excluding simple rhinoscopy, biopsy and cauterisation of vessel)
Rhinoplasty
Resection of nasopharyngeal tumour
Septoplasty +/- submucous resection of septum
Submucous resection of nasal septum
Turbinectomy / submucous turbinectomy
Tonsillectomy +/- adenoidectomy
Excision of pharyngeal pouch / diverticulum
Pharyngoplasty
Sleep related breathing disorder – hyoid suspension, maxilla / mandible / tongue advancement, laser suspension / resection, radiofrequency ablation assisted uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Marsupialization / excision of ranula
Parotid gland removal, superficial
Removal of submandibular salivary gland
Submandibular duct relocation
Submandibular gland excision
Major
Extended endoscopic frontal sinus surgery with trans-septal frontal sinusotomy
Frontal sinusectomy
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)
Parotid gland removal / parotidectomy
Complex
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) bilateral
Respiratory system
Minor
Arytenoid subluxation – laryngoscopic reduction
Bronchoscopy +/- biopsy
Bronchoscopy with foreign body removal
Laryngoscopy +/- biopsy
Microlaryngoscopy +/- Biopsy +/- excision of nodule / polyp / Reinke's edema
Injection for vocal cord paralysis
Tracheoesophageal puncture for voice rehabilitation
Vocal cord operation, including use of laser (excluding carcinoma)
Tracheostomy, temporary / permanent / revision
Thoracocentesis / insertion of chest tube for pneumothorax
Intermediate
Laryngeal diversion
Partial / total resection of laryngeal tumour
Removal of vallecular cyst
Thyroplasty for vocal cord paralysis
Thoracoscopy +/- biopsy
Major
Laryngeal / tracheal stenosis – endolaryngeal / open operation with stenting / reconstruction
Repair of laryngeal fracture
Pleurectomy
Segmental resection of lung
Thoracoplasty
Thymectomy
Complex
Laryngectomy +/- radical neck resection
Lobectomy of lung / pneumonectomy
EYE
Eye
Minor
Excision / curettage / cryotherapy of lesion of eyelid
Blepharorrhaphy / tarsorrhaphy
Repair of entropion or ectropion +/- wedge resection
Excision / destruction of lesion of conjunctiva
Excision of pterygium
Removal of corneal foreign body
Diagnostic aspiration of vitreous
Biopsy of iris
Biopsy of extraocular muscle or tendon
Excision of lacrimal sac and passage
Probing +/- syringing of lacrimal canaliculi / nasolacrimal duct
Intermediate
Reconstruction of eyelid, partial-thickness
Laser removal / destruction of corneal lesion
Repair of cornea
Suture / repair of corneal laceration or wound with conjunctival flap
Aspiration of lens
Capsulotomy of lens, including use of laser
Extracapsular / intracapsular extraction of lens
Intraocular lens / explant removal
Chorioretinal lesion operations
Phacoemulsification and implant of intraocular lens
Pneumatic retinopexy
Retinal Photocoagulation
Repair of retinal detachment / tear
Cyclodialysis
Trabeculectomy, including use of laser
Surgical treatment for glaucoma including insertion of implant
Injection of vitreous substitute
Excision of lesion of iris / anterior segment of eye / ciliary body
Excision of prolapsed iris
Iridotomy
Iridectomy
Iridoplasty +/- coreoplasty by laser
Iridencleisis and iridotasis
Scleral fistulization +/- iridectomy
Thermocauterization of sclera +/- iridectomy
Diminution of ciliary body
Operation on one extraocular muscle
Enucleation of eye
Evisceration of eyeball / ocular contents
Repair of eyeball or orbit
Conjunctivocystorhinostomy
Conjunctivorhinostomy with insertion of tube / stent
Dacryocystorhinostomy
Excision of lacrimal gland / dacryoadenectomy
Repair of canaliculus
Coreoplasty
Major
Corneal grafting, severe wound repair and keratoplasty, including corneal transplant
Repair of retinal tear / detachment with buckle
Scleral buckling / encircling of retinal detachment
Mechanical vitrectomy / removal of vitreous
Eyeball, perforating wound of, with incarceration or prolapse of uveal tissue repair
FEMALE GENITAL SYSTEM
Cervix
Minor
Colposcopy +/- biopsy
Conization of cervix
Destruction of lesion of cervix by excision/ cryosurgery / cauterization / laser
Endocervical curettage
Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP)
Marsupialization of cervical cyst
Repair of cervix
Intermediate
Amputation of cervix
Repair of fistula of cervix
Suture of laceration of cervix / uterus / vagina
Fallopian tubes and ovaries^
Minor
Dilatation / insufflation of fallopian tube
Aspiration of ovarian cyst
Intermediate
Salpingostomy / salpingotomy
Total or partial salpingectomy
Tuboplasty
Oophorectomy
Drainage of tubo-ovarian abscess, open or laparoscopic
Major
Excision / destruction of lesion of fallopian tube, open or laparoscopic
Repair of fallopian tube
Ovarian cystectomy, open or laparoscopic
Wedge resection of ovary, open or laparoscopic
Oophorectomy, laparoscopic
Salpingo-oophorectomy, open or laparoscopic
Uterus
Minor
Dilatation and curettage of Uterine (D&C)
Hysteroscopy +/- biopsy
Intermediate
Hysteroscopy with excision or destruction of uterus and supporting structures
Uterine myomectomy, vaginal or hysteroscopic
Laparoscopic drainage of female pelvic abscess
Uterine suspension
Major
Hysterotomy
Laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH)
Vaginal hysterectomy +/- repair of cystocele and/or rectocele
Total / subtotal abdominal hysterectomy +/- bilateral salpingo- oophorectomy, open or laparoscopic
Myomectomy, open or laparoscopic
Colposuspension
Pelvic floor repair
Complex
Radical abdominal hysterectomy
Pelvic exenteration
Vagina
Minor
Destruction of lesion of vagina by excision / cryosurgery / cauterization / laser
Insertion / removal of vaginal supportive pessaries
Marsupialization of Bartholin's cyst
Vaginal stripping of vaginal cuff
Culdocentesis
Culdotomy
Excision of transverse vaginal septum
Intermediate
Vaginotomy
Partial vaginectomy
Anterior colporrhaphy +/- Kelly plication
Posterior colporrhaphy
Obliteration of vaginal vault
Sacrospinous ligament suspension or fixation of the vagina
Sacral colpopexy
Vaginal repair of enterocoele
Closure of urethro-vaginal fistula
Repair of rectovaginal fistula, vaginal approach
McCall's culdeplasty / culdoplasty
Major
Vaginectomy, complete
Repair of rectovaginal fistula, abdominal approach
Vaginal reconstruction
Complex
Radical vaginectomy
Vulva and introitus
Minor
Destruction of lesion of vulva by excision / cryosurgery / cauterization / laser
Wide local excision of vulva with cold knife or LEEP
Excision of vestibular adenitis
Excision biopsy of vulva
Incision and drainage of vulva and perineum
Lysis of vulvar adhesions
Repair of fistula of vulva or perineum
Suture of lacerations / repair of vulva and/or perineum
Intermediate
Vulvectomy
Major
Radical vulvectomy
HEMIC AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
Lymph Nodes
Minor
Drainage of lesion / abscess of lymph node
Biopsy / excision of superficial lymph nodes / simple excision of lymphatic structure
Incisional biopsy of cervical lymph node / fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of lymph nodes
Intermediate
Excision of deep lymph node / lymphangioma / cystic hygroma
Bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy
Cervical lymphadenectomy
Major
Inguinal and pelvic lymphadenectomy
Radical groin dissection
Radical pelvic lymphadenectomy
Selective / radical / functional neck dissection
Wide excision of axillary lymph node
Spleen
Major
Splenectomy, open or laparoscopic
MALE GENITAL SYSTEM
Prostate
Minor
External drainage of prostatic abscess
Prostate biopsy
Intermediate
Transurethral microwave therapy
Major
Photoselective vaporization of prostate
Plasma vaporization of prostate
Transurethral prostatectomy or TURP
Prostatectomy, open or laparoscopic
Complex
Radical prostatectomy, open or laparoscopic
Penis
Minor
Circumcision
Intermediate
Repair of buried / avulsion of penis
Major
Release of chordee
Testicles^
Minor
Testicular biopsy
Tapping of hydrocele
Intermediate
Epididymectomy
Exploration of testis
Orchidopexy
Reduction of torsion of testis and fixation
High ligation of hydrocoele
Excision of varicocoele and hydrocoele of spermatic cord
Major
Exploration for undescended testis, laparoscopic
Orchidectomy or orchidopexy, laparoscopic
Varicocelectomy (microsurgical)
Spermatic cord
Minor
Vasectomy
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Bone
Intermediate
Amputation of finger(s) / toe(s) of one limb
Amputation of one arm / hand / leg / foot
Bunionectomy
Excision of radial head
Mandibulectomy for benign disease
Partial ostectomy of facial bone
Sequestrectomy of facial bone
Major
Bunionectomy with soft tissue correction and osteotomy of the first metatarsal
Patellectomy
Wedge osteotomy of bone of wrist / hand / leg
Wedge osteotomy of bone of upper arm / lower arm / thigh
Wedge osteotomy of scapula / clavicle / sternum
Joint
Minor
Joint aspiration / injection
Manipulation of joint under anesthesia
Intermediate
Arthroscopic drainage and debridement
Arthroscopic removal of loose body from joints
Arthroscopic examination of joint +/- biopsy
Synovectomy of wrist
Interphalangeal joint fusion of toes
Major
Arthroscopic assisted ligament reconstruction
Arthroscopic Bankart repair
Arthroscopic repair for superior labral tear from anterior to posterior of shoulder
Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair
Acromioplasty
Arthrodesis of shoulder
Arthrodesis of Elbow / Triple arthrodesis
Arthroplasty of hand / finger / foot / Toe joint with implant
Fusion of wrist
Interphalangeal fusion of finger
Excisional arthroplasty shoulder / hemiarthroplasty of shoulder
Excisional arthroplasty of hip / knee / Wrist / Elbow
Temporomandibular arthroplasty +/- autograft
Metal femoral head insertion
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Meniscectomy, open or arthroscopic
Posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Repair of the collateral ligaments
Repair of the cruciate ligaments
Suture of capsule or ligament of ankle and foot
Partial hip replacement
Complex
Arthrodesis of knee / hip
Excisional arthroplasty of hip / knee with local antibiotic delivery
Total shoulder replacement
Total knee replacement
Total hip replacement
Muscle/ Tendon
Minor
Open biopsy of muscle
Release of De Quervain's disease
Release of trigger finger
Release of tennis elbow
Intermediate
Achilles tendon repair
Achillotenotomy
Change in muscle or tendon length (except hand) / excision of lesion of muscle
Excision of lesion of muscle
Lengthening of tendon, including tenotomy
Tendon repair / Suture of tendon not involving hand
Tenosynovectomy / synovectomy
Major
Change in muscle or tendon length of hand
Transfer / transplantation / reattachment of muscle
Tendon repair / Suture of tendon of hand
Transposition of tendon of wrist / hand
Secondary repair of tendon, including graft, transfer and / or prosthesis
Fracture/ dislocation
Minor
Closed reduction of dislocation of temporomandibular / interphalangeal / acromioclavicular joint
Closed reduction for fracture of clavicle / scapula / phalanges / patella without internal fixation
Removal of screw, pin and plate, and other metal for old fracture except fracture femur
Intermediate
Closed reduction of dislocation of shoulder / elbow / wrist / ankle
Close reduction for mandibular fracture with internal fixation
Closed reduction for fracture of upper arm / lower arm / wrist / hand / leg / foot bone without internal fixation
Closed reduction for fracture of clavicle / hand / ankle /foot with internal fixation
Open reduction for clavicle / hand / foot (except carpal / talus / calcaneus) +/- internal fixation
Operative treatment of compound fracture with external fixator and extensive wound debridement
Major
Closed reduction for Colles' fracture with percutaneous k-wire fixation
Closed reduction for fracture of arm / leg / patella / pelvis with internal fixation
Closed reduction for fracture of femur +/- internal fixation
Open reduction for mandibular fracture with internal fixation
Open reduction for arm / leg / patella / scapula +/- internal fixation
Open reduction for femur / calcaneus / talus/ +/- internal fixation
Complex
Closed / open reduction of fracture of acetabulum with internal fixation
Spine
Minor
Spinal biopsy
Intermediate
Vertebroplasty / kyphoplasty
Major
Anterior spinal fusion, cervical / cervicothoracic/ C4/5 and C5/6 and locking plate
Laminoplasty for cervical spine
Laminectomy / diskectomy
Posterior spinal fusion, thoracic / cervico-thoracic / thoracolumbar / T5 to L1/ atlas-axis
Complex
Artificial cervical disc replacement
Anterior spinal fusion (excluding cervical / cervicothoracic/ C4/5 and C5/6 and locking plate)
Anterior spinal fusion with instrumentation
Laminectomy with diskectomy
Posterior spinal fusion, (excluding thoracic / cervico-thoracic / thoracolumbar / T5 to L1 / atlas-axis)
Posterior spinal fusion with instrumentation
Spinal fusion +/- foraminotomy +/- laminectomy +/- diskectomy
Spine osteotomy
Others
Minor
Excision of ganglion / bursa
Closed/ Percutaneous needle fasciotomy for Dupuytren disease
Intermediate
Release of carpal / tarsal tunnel, open or endoscopic
Release of peripheral nerve
Transposition of ulnar nerve
Sliding / reduction genioplasty
Major
Radical (or total) fasciectomy for Dupuytren disease
SKIN AND BREAST
Skin
Minor
Curettage / cryotherapy / cauterization / laser treatment of lesion of skin
Drainage of subungual haematoma or abscess
Excision of lipoma
Excision of skin for graft
Incision and /or drainage of skin abscess
Incision and /or removal of foreign body from skin and subcutaneous tissue
Local excision or destruction of lesion or tissue of skin and subcutaneous tissue
Suture of wound on skin
Surgical toilet and suturing
Wedge resection of toenail
Breast
Minor
Fine needle aspiration (FNA) of breast cyst
Incisional breast biopsy
Intermediate
Breast tumour/ lump excision +/- biopsy
Partial or simple mastectomy
Duct papilloma excision
Gynaecomastia excision
Major
Modified radical mastectomy
Partial or radical mastectomy with axillary lymphadenectomy
Total or radical mastectomy
URINARY SYSTEM
Kidney
Minor
Percutaneous insertion of nephrostomy tube
Renal biopsy
Intermediate
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for urinary stone (ESWL)
Major
Nephrolithotomy / pyelolithotomy
Nephroscopy
Nephrectomy, open or laparoscopic or retroperitoneoscopic
Complex
Nephrectomy, partial/ lower pole
Complex (Major Organ Transplant)
Kidney transplant
Bladder, ureter and urethra
Minor
Cystoscopy +/- biopsy
Cystoscopy with catheterization of ureter/ transurethral bladder clearance
Excision of urethra caruncle
Intermediate
Cystoscopy with electro-cauterisation/ laser lithotripsy
Insertion of urethral/ureter stent
Major
Diverticulectomy of urinary bladder, open or laparoscopic
Transurethral resection of bladder tumour
Partial cystectomy, open or laparoscopic
Ureterolithotomy, open or laparoscopic or retroperitoneoscopic
Closure of urethro-rectal fistula
Repair of urethral fistula
Repair of vesicovaginal fistula
Repair of vesicocolic fistula
Repair of rupture of urethra
Repair of urinary stress incontinence
Ileal or colonic replacement of ureter
Unilateral reimplantation of ureter into bowel or bladder
Bilateral reimplantation of ureter into bowel or bladder
Complex
Radical/ total cystectomy, open or laparoscopic
Formation of ileal conduit, including ureteric implantation
DENTAL
Dental
Minor
Any kind of dental surgery due to injury caused by an Accident